06 January 2008

Prayers requested for Muhammad Fahmi Shamsuddin

Assalamualaikum and salam hormat to all,

We humbly request your prayers for the nephew of SilatMelayu.Com's Administrator, cikgu Nor Azlan Abdul Wahid, named Muhammad Fahmi bin Shamsuddin, 13 for his speedy recovery.

Muhammad Fahmi is currently suffering from a viral infection and in critical condition in the Intensive Care Unit of Hospital Batu Pahat.

May Allah reward your prayers multifold.

Thank you.

Wassalam,

05 January 2008

Lagukan Senandung Itu

I made my online purchase today of Lagukan Senandung Itu, a novel by a good friend of mine, cikgu Khairul Hafiz Abdul Rahman, who writes under the pen name of Serunai Faqir.

Cikgu Chai as we call him is an avowed culturalist and aside from being a Seni Gayung Fatani practitioner, is a full-time Gendang Silat player and instructor. He has coached many a novice to play the gendang, the serunai and the gong, principle instruments in the ensemble that accompanies a traditional silat performance.

In his novel, he illustrates the life of an unorthodox traditional music player. Unorthodox because she is a lone female in the realm of a masculine profession. That's where the challenge begins for her.

I can't wait for the book to arrive, which I'll review here when I'm done.

If you're interested to find out more about him, his book or even listen to him play, please visit his blog at http://gemalakasturie.blogspot.com/

04 January 2008

The Tekpi - 'Raja Senjata'

For the past several months, my constant companions have been two battle-ready Malaysian Tekpis - expertly forged by the hand of guru Jamaludin Shahadan - president of Pertubuhan Seni Silat Sendeng Malaysia. One of the most interesting aspects of this pair is that they are not identical. While one is more or less standard for Malaysian tekpi, the heavier of them could accurately be described as a “Buginese War Tekpi” having a unique belimbing (“Star Fruit”) shape to the blade. More descriptive photos will follow later. Guru Jamal renders it in English as the "Rapier Tekpi". Following are some questions that Western pesilat ask regarding this weapon. Answers are from Brother Nadzrin: "Is it used individually or two? Is it used against specific weapons as a defensive tool?" In Silat Melayu, the tekpi has mostly followed the temperament and ideals of the art, so much so that even while the origins of the tekpi is still hotly debated, the technique employed in Silat Melayu is not, since it is accepted as mostly (if not purely) Melayu in thought and action. The tekpi is used both as a singular and a double weapon. As a singular weapon, it is used paired with another bladed weapon. In Silat Melayu, the tekpi takes the place of the cumbersome shield in other cultures that don't employ it this way. Therefore, the dominant hand would hold a keris or a parang (I've been told) or in the case of Silat Kuntau Sendeng, a Pedang and a tekpi (this I've seen personally). In cases where the tekpi is used as twin weapons, one tekpi held in the submissive hand, will act as the defensive (shield) while the other held in the dominant hand will act as the offensive. In Silat terminology, this is termed Jantan (offensive position) and Betina (defensive position). In these positions, the Betina will be held in the reverse grip, parrying (not blocking) all incoming attacks, while the Jantan will be held in the outstretched grip as a stabbing and pukulan weapon. In some cases, the Betina will be slightly heavier and the Jantan slightly lighter. It's not even a perceptive problem since most of us have 'softer' left hands than our dominant 'hard' right. The difference in weight is to balance out the abilities of the two hands, strengthen the left. However, this is an exception and very few silat arts employ this concept anymore. Most arts use the Jantan and Betina positions interchangeably as in the case of Silat Kuntau Tekpi and Silat Kuntau Sendeng. Therefore, when one is defending, the other is attacking. This quick change is an extension of the hands' ability to slip between offence and defence, unlike the Keris which depends on the different parts of the weapon to facilitate a defensive or offensive mode. In very Chinese influenced arts such as the Yunnanese-originated Lian Padukan (there's a great site on it at http://lianpadukan.com please do check it out), the tekpi is held in Jantan-Jantan position, rarely if ever receding to the Betina position. The weapons form is similar to the butterfly knife forms I've seen in Wing Chun (because they're both Southern Chinese styles). The tekpi is flexible enough to defend against any bladed or blunt weapon. However, its speed and versatility depends largely on the user himself. Is it used offensively? Yes, it is used offensively. The main methods used are Tumbuk (punch), Titik (whipstrike), Pukul (strike), Tikam (thrust), Sebat (whip), Tangkap (trap), Kunci (lock), Patah (break), Hentak (slam), Parang (slash) and so on. According to my Silat Kuntau Sendeng teacher, guru Jamaludin Shahadan, the Bugis people used to modify their tekpi for war, sharpening the tip of the centre prong to a cone-like shape the length of one jengkal, while the rest of the tekpi remained an octagon shape. In other cases, the last jengkal on the tekpi actually recedes into a proper blade. Both of these variations are used together with a leather armguard worn on the tekpi hand. Although he has never shown me a sample of this, a couple of years back (it's still around, I can probably get a picture of it to you) we discovered an old tekpi that had this conical shape. It was a small pair (even I could barely use it, couldn't execute a couple of moves), which seemed strange to me because Bugis are huge-built people. This can only mean that this idea wasn't isolated to Bugis warriors, or there actually was a mini-Bugis warrior running around. "Are the techniques similar to the use of a golok?" I wouldn't know if Malaysian golok techniques are similar to Indonesian style golok techniques since as I understand it, only the Jawa use the golok. Malaysian styles generally resemble Sumatran in technique and temperament. Most Golok techniques in Malaysia conform to Arabic sword techniques. In Malay they're called Rencong Mengkuang (45 degree uppercut slash), Perpang Gantang (45 degree downward slash), Belah Pinang (a downward centre cut) and Baling Lembing (the thrust). I could be mistaken since most silat use this, but there could also be those that I haven't seen. Additionally, guru Jamaludin also mentioned that the Madura (very hot-tempered Melayu from Madura) have very high skills in the cabang. I read that the late Donn F Draeger once commented on the Indonesian cabang skill (I don't remember which clan he was referring to) surpassed those of Japanese origin. From the way my teacher tells it, I would suspect it surpasses Malaysian skill as well.

Original Article by Mohd Nadzrin Wahab

03 January 2008

Silat & Physical Development: An Introduction

Senaman Jurus Lincah
The sudden resurgence of interest in traditional Melayu exercise forms in Malaysia has astounded even its founders. Leading the way in this race is Senaman Tua, inherited, researched and systematised by guru Azlan Ghanie, also the founder of Silat Melayu Keris Lok 9. Other exercise styles such as Senaman Jabat Angin by guru Mokhtaruddin of Silat Pancang 12, Setua Senaman by ajar-ajar Megat Ainudin Megat Mokmin of Penjurit Kepetangan, Senaman Wak Baka by guru Azmarul Saadi and Senaman Jurus Lincah under the auspices of Silat Lincah Malaysia point to one very clear fact: most of them found their origins in silat. Which begs the question: If they are so good, and silat has gained in popularity since Merdeka, where have these exercises been all this while? Read on and find out. When Jigoro Kano founded Judo, he intended it to become part of the physical education system of modern Japan and fought tooth and nail to have it implemented, but died before he could see it become an Olympic sport.

Senaman Jabat Angin
Later, when the Japanese conscripted their citizens to serve in WWII, they found that the Okinawan youth were in far better shape than their own and discovered that this was due to Te (or Kara Te), a physical and personal combat development system which they practiced. This, and several other reasons saw karate being absorbed into the national physical education system for their youth. Malaysia, on the other hand, post-Merdeka has suffered from an inferiority complex and generational gap that has effectively split its thinking of physical education into two: traditional and modern. Silat was never part of the physical syllabus of modern Malaysia, chiefly because those policy makers were elites who never had deep exposure into Silat and Melayu physical culture and secondly because the masters themselves held it back from the public. Silat exists on two points on the physical developmental spectrum: pre-adolescence and adolescence. Pre-adolescence Before Merdeka, parents would send their pre-teenaged children (from as soon as they are able to) to study two very important skills, religious studies (including Quranic recitation) and Silat, more often than not, with the same master. At such a young age, their motor skills will have been negligible at best, thus they were given calisthenic exercises that would refine their movements, build strength, speed, reflexes and general overall health without creating an overly muscular build. Since silat is all about keeping continuous motion ('gerak hidup'), the logical choice was the Tari, a basic dance form which sought to strengthen ligament strength, create flexibility and maintain their ranges of motion (as adults, we lose most of the ranges we had as a child due to underuse of those related ligaments and tendons). This ensures that the physical body in later life can accept strong technical movements easier. Adolescence Silat which are taught at adolescence have, in my opinion mostly come about post-Merdeka and largely comprise the more modern or resystematised styles. Styles such as Seni Gayong, Seni Gayung Fatani, Cekak and Lincah, although do have younger students, tend to have more teenaged and adult students. This is due to the bulk of physical development being taken over by the national physical education system, which relies heavily on international sport science research. It is because of this, the modern Melayu student finds it hard to adapt to more traditional styles, whose movements occur in deeper ranges of motion. They find it difficult to effect a counterlock, a gymnastic technique, an awkward low stance, etc because the development has been somewhat simplified. Thus, we hear such statements as: "Training was hard back then", or "The kids nowadays can't stand it" or "The time for that has passed". In my opinion nothing has changed, only our perception has made it difficult for us to see the truth. Exercises now categorised as dangerous by researchers were practiced in our schoolyards no more than 15 years ago, and every day, another exercise becomes extinct in the sports science journals. Imagine my surprise then, that in traditional silat, none of these exercises exist, and any danger is perfectly managed. In fact, several masters I've met complain vehemently against the national physical education system, simply for being 'wrong'. Some might disagree with the above, but I have personally experienced both types of training and I find the traditional method to far superior in terms of development, rehabilitation and overall health. The happy news? It seems that Malaysians are waking up and are far more eager to return to a simpler time, when training was hard and the gains are manifold. So, we no longer have an excuse.

Original Article by Mohd Nadzrin Wahab

02 January 2008

Mystical Abilities of Silat Masters

The mystical abilities of silat masters cannot be defined in any straightforward manner.

In the old days, in Pahang and other states in Malaysia, a real Melayu silat master needs to have profound skills and competency in the self-defence techniques of his silat style and to be at his peak always, as there will bound to be someone who will try to challenge him to a duel.

It is not just to test his ability, but sometimes it is by someone who wants to be his pupil or student, and to learn new techniques to improve his own art of self-defence.

Besides having to strengthen their physical beings, silat masters sometimes need to enhance their spiritual or mystical abilities through methods they were taught.

We know from stories told by their children, close friends and students that some of these silat masters have some kind of mystical abilities and supernatural energies beyond comprehension by the laymen.

It is definitely beyond rational logic and belief, perhaps one step beyond the normal paradigm, closer to the twilight zone.

Below are some of the extraordinary capabilities and mystical abilities of silat masters covering not merely brute physical strength but also extra-physical abilities bordering on spiritual and supernatural powers, from stories told and from my own personal knowledge.

Invincibility
These are special abilities where no bullets, deadly weapons and even poisons cannot kill them. Sometimes their shirt or clothes are completely torn by gunpowder bullets and cannon fire but they are still alive and strong.

Mat Kilau, the great Pahang nationalist who fought against the British in the late 1890s, was said to be invulnerable to bullets. In fact he showed bullet scars in several places of his body during the investigation on the veracity of his identity in 1975. The bullets could not penetrate further than just below the skin.

He is also said to be able to eat a fish whole - bones and all - without being choked.

Hang Tuah, the great Melayu silat exponent during the Sultanate of Melaka, was said to be invincible when in possession of the keris Taming Sari keris.

Localised power and strength
A master may have power and extraordinary strength concentrated secretly in one part of his body, such as a finger in one hand, where he will use its killer potent during actual fights to kill. Just a touch will kill an opponent.

His students will know this when he will close the finger and not use it when teaching silat to his students or during his normal everyday activities, as it is dangerous when touched.

Brute strength
Stories have been told of Tok Gajah (father of Mat Kilau) who can lift a house. Mat Kilau himself had the super ability to lift a cow or cattle single-handedly.

And I know that my silat master (who died about twenty-five years ago), once lifted a Volkswagen Beetle and threw it when a group of disrespectful strangers messed up with him. No need to say what they then did!

Turning a common object into a deadly weapon
The silat master could use ordinary twigs or branches of trees or rattan cane to fight guns and cannons. The item used will turn deadly and if it doesn’t kill immediately, the opponent touched by the object will die sooner or later.

Mat Kilau is said to have used only a piece of sharpened cane in battles with the British who used modern gunfires.

Making weapons search and kill targets from afar
Stories of flying kerises, parang (machete) and other weapons, searching for their targets, are common. These weapons kill or injure the targeted opponent or enemy, whether individually or many.

And understandably this method is really accurate, unlike the modern cruise missiles where the innocents are also killed or maimed, crudely termed as "collateral damage". In contrast, the pre-directed weapon (keris or machete) knows what or who to target and look for.

Invisibility
This usually happens when a master is outnumbered or surrounded, and he will use the ability to turn himself invisible to escape from opponents.

Mock death
Mat Kilau has the ability to make himself looked dead, even when examined. He is in a sort of hibernation mode with no breathing and no pulse - a super-normal ability to stop his heartbeat for several hours when doing this.

Thus Mat Kilau was thought by the British to have died in an ambush by the Siamese in Kelantan in the late 1890s. And after having been examined and certified dead by both the Siamese and then the British, he was later buried.

Apparently his supporters replaced his body with a banana trunk when they pretended to bury him.

Well, he lived to 122 years old and actually died only in 1976!

Making projectiles miss their target
This ability is where bullets or weapons directed at him will miss the target. The master will just stand there and the bullets, spears, arrows or whatever, will never touch him. It is as though those bullets or objects were deflected by something.

This phenomena can sometimes be seen today during performances and demonstrations by certain styles of the Silat Melayu.

Turning into a another creature
Mystical abilities of some silat masters to change their form into a certain animal, such as a cat or bird, are for the purpose of listening to the strategies and tactics of their enemies.

This method is also used to escape from enemies, besides becoming invisible as mentioned above.

Some masters of the silat harimau style are able to change themselves into the cat family ("harimau" is Malay for "tiger") to suit their purpose.

Walking on water
His ability to walk on water is also one of the mystical abilities of a silat master.

Mat Kilau and his friend, Dato’ Bahaman, another famous Pahang nationalist fighter against the British, were known to be able to walk, skim and glide on the rivers of Pahang, not only when escaping, but when going for the attack.

Making an opponent immobile
Making their opponent or enemy unable to move is also one of the mystical abilities of silat masters and such stories are also quite common.

An opponent or enemy sometimes get stuck on his feet, or is unable to stand up when sitting down, or unable to take out his weapon, such as a pistol or sword from its sheath, as it is stuck. The opponent is then at the silat master’s mercy.

Well, I’ve just outlined just some of the unbelievable things that a great Melayu silat master can do.

Super abilities are God-given and are to be used only for good purposes. Otherwise the abilities will never happen.

The cynics will probably laugh at the supposedly mystical abilities of silat masters mentioned above. But as I mentioned somewhere before, never, ever underestimate the real silat masters.
Most Melayu probably know and learn to respect them, especially those silat masters who are humble, who hide and never show off their skills to others.

Be really afraid of such people – they are the real masters. They use their powers only when truly needed.

So next time you learn silat from a great master, in Pahang or elsewhere, observe how the master keeps his secret weapon. It could be anything.

This article was sourced from http://www.pahang-delights.com/mystical-abilities.html. I believe it's a good seed for discussion, especially since it highlights many things that modern media no longer talk about when it comes to silat. For obvious reasons, of course. So, discuss!

01 January 2008

Lapis & Pelita


A little reminder for all pesilat for this new year. May this coming year be better than those past. May Allah forgive us our transgressions, those wilful and unwilful. Amin.


Dayuskah kita kaum Badang?
Yang terkenal dengan Tuah dan Jebat?
Yang masyhur dengan Kilau dan Bahaman?
Yang gemilang dengan Hanafi dan Rahman?
Ke manakah pergi kecekalan hati
Penongkah arus, insan berani
Menggagahi hari dengan bijak yang murni
Yang menerangi juang dengan jatidiri?
Mungkinkah kita masih mencari
Seorang pembimbing seorang pengganti
Namun hati buta menyedari
Mereka sudah berada di sini?
Mungkinkah juga terlalu menyayangi
Mereka yang sudah lama menjejak pergi
Lalu merias menambah seri
Pada sejarah yang tinggal memori?
Bukankah mereka insan biasa
Memainkan gerak ilham dirinya
Yang tiada daya mahupun upaya
Melainkan Dia Yang Maha Esa?
Namun mana intan mana kaca?
Adakah pembelot atau pembela?
Peliharalah diri dari fitnah mereka
Kerana berdatuk ada berguru pun iya
Silat Melayu budaya bangsa
Bohong belaka disebut jua
Mereka tidak kenangkan duduk setara
Malah memartabat yang punya sahaja
Sedarlah saudara bangkitlah segera
Silat Melayu sama tidak serupa
Jiwa pendekar memaut semua
Hanya gerak membezakan kita
Janganlah cara dijadikan punca
Mencari sengketa di antara kita
Guru membawa amanah mulia
Silap mereka sempadan kita
Biarlah diri menjadi penentu
Apa perjuangan apa halatuju
Jangan dibazir tutur gurumu
Jangan pula diturut terburu-buru
Inilah pesan seorang saudaramu
Hiba memandang jiwa Melayu
Yang menjadi jajahan sewaktu dulu
Kembali diherdik dirantai dibelenggu
Bak kata guru di zaman silam
Hidupkan kasih panjangkan salam
Sedang lapis dan pelita duduk setalam
Inikan Melayu bersendikan Islam
Mohd Nadzrin Wahab
22/4/2002
Kuala Lumpur


Original Article by Mohd Nadzrin Wahab

31 December 2007

Goodbye 2007...

Copyright Kenneth Anderson http://kennethanderson.blogspot.com/
Well, it's been a long year and in it, I lost some friends, made new ones, made a baby, moved a blog, resigned a position and generally had lots of fun writing about silat.
I don't know what the new year holds for me, Silat Melayu The Blog and SMC, but I hope it's good for all of us. Silat Melayu The Blog will continue to be as interesting as you want it to be. So, to ensure it remains so, don't forget to drop us a line once in awhile at webmaster[at]silatmelayu.com so we know what questions need to be answered and what closets need rummaging.
It was a fabulous time hanging out here. Hope I see you here next year.
Salam persilatan.